Finance Article2 Example

Essays on Finance Article2 Article Finance Article The Reason for Writing the Article Ever since the financial crisis has engulfed the United s, there is a common belief that China has surpassed the U.S and has become the worlds leading economy. The authors main aim is to thrash this misconception prevailing among ordinary Americans. The Key Question in the Article Ever since 2009, it is a common perception among the people of U.S and media that U.S. economy is not a leading economy. Author has tried to prove through numbers that this is not at all correct. Most Important Information In order to substantiate his argument, the author speaks about unemployment rate and Gross Domestic Product numbers that prevailed in 2009. According to the author, U.S. unemployment rate was 9 percent; in contrast, as reported by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China had unemployment rate of 9.4 percent before the full impact of the economic crisis really began. The author is of the opinion that true Chinese unemployment is certainly more than 20 percent. The author stresses that American unemployment rate is certainly not worse than Chinese unemployment rate. In 2009, the U.S GDP was $15 trillion in contrast to Chinese GDP that stood at $5 trillion. This difference in GDP was in spite of the huge population difference. On income front, per capita income of U.S citizen was $48,000 compared to average Chinese income of less than $4,000. The difference is huge by any respect. Many economists measure the GDP in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) as that reflects true buying power of the currency in the respective countries. This could be the reason for many to believe that Chinese economy is bigger than that of U.S; however, the author dismisses even this argument stating that after adjusting for purchasing power of the Chinese currency, the GDP of China is calculated as $10 trillion in 2010. This is still lesser by $5 trillion when compared with U.S economy. The Main Conclusions Current American economy is much bigger than Chinese economy. The Chinese economy may surpass U.S economy by 2025 or before. Chinese growth rate will slow down in a decade or so for the reason of ageing population after 2035 and due to lesser natural resources. Key Concepts Key concepts in this article are GDP, Purchasing power parity and unemployment rate. GDP is a measure of the size of the economy for any country. This is a sum of income of all the citizens within the country. Purchasing power parity is an important concept to equate the economy of two countries. It measures the purchasing power of the currency in the respective countries. For example, currency exchange rate is 1dollar=6.35 Yuan; however, for equivalent goods of basket, what an average American can buy in 1 dollar that can be purchased by an average Chinese in around 3 Yuan. Thus, Chinese GDP from PPP point of view inflates from $5 trillion to almost $10 trillion. Main Assumptions Chinese figures with regard to the GDP and inflation are less precise. Currently the Chinese unemployment rate is more than 20 percent. By 2035, Twenty percent of the Chinese population will be age 65 or above. China is a resource scarce country. China is far more dependent on metals and grain. China’s natural resources are falling short of U.S. The Main Point of View The main point of view of the author is that the American economy is still bigger than the Chinese economy and the difference is at least 2:1 in that order. Opinion I fully agree with the author’s viewpoint that the current American economy is much bigger than the Chinese economy because the GDP statistics from all the angles including the purchasing power point of view suggest so and also that the Chinese economy may surpass the U.S economy before 2025 at least from the purchasing power perspective. Reference Scissors, Derek (2011); U.S. vs China: which economy is bigger, better?, Reuters, online November 16 2011, http://blogs.reuters.com/india-expertzone/2011/04/15/u-s-vs-china-which-economy-is-bigger-better/

Hiv Prevention Free Essays

HIV/AIDS LIFE SKILLS – EDC 121 – TONI SYLVESTER Nataniel P. Marthinus Student Nr. 3142910 Assignment 1 Due Date: 01 March 2011 INTRODUCTION1 Eight Fundamental considerations or steps to be followed before and after administering a blood test for HIV. We will write a custom essay sample on Hiv Prevention or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Voluntary Counseling Testing1 Food and Nutrition1 Prevention Onward Transmission of HIV1 Follow-up Counseling1 Stigma Discrimination2 Spiritual Support2 Sexually Transmitted Infections2 Palliative Care2 Strategies for the provision of HIV-related Treatment, care and support services2 Ensuring the continuation of education (EDC121 Course Reader: 41)2 Providing psychosocial support for children (EDC121 Course Reader: 42)2 Treatment education at school2 Successful school-based HIV/AIDS treatment, care and support programmes3 Caring School Environment3 Child Centered Programmes3 Build on existing services3 Community Involvement3 The UNAIDS (2000) article4 Demographic effects4 Health effects4 Family-life effects4 Welfare effects4 Education effects4 UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS5 REFERENCES6 INTRODUCTION HIV/AIDS is the fastest growing epidemic here in Africa. In fact, the virus is so widespread you will find people with the virus all over the world. According to statistics in November 2007, people living with HIV AIDS around the world are the most in Africa. It also shows that the disease occurs mostly around infants who acquire the virus from their mother. (EDC121 Course Reader: 55). I will be discussing various topics concerning the virus. Eight Fundamental considerations or steps to be followed before and after administering a blood test for HIV. Voluntary Counseling Testing Through counseling and knowledge of the virus, it could help a person with following a healthy lifestyle so that he or she can live longer and prevent other infections. People who learn that they are negative could learn to change their behavior towards people living with the virus. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Food and Nutrition Good nutrition only cannot keep a person permanently healthy. Nevertheless it may help lengthen the lifespan of a person living with HIV. Nutrition plays a huge role in the medication process of a person living with HIV. It can also increase the risk of HIV transmission from mother to baby. EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Prevention Onward Transmission of HIV Counseling on sexual behavior is advised. Provide condoms and must have a supportive environment. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Follow-up Counseling HIV affects all aspects of a person’s life. It can help someone understand, live with and accept their status. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Stigma Discriminati on Stigma is fueled by mythical concepts. Thus it is a barrier to prevent future infections and further treatment. Communities have a various concepts around AIDS and how the virus is spread. This indicates a lack of knowledge and understanding towards the disease. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Spiritual Support Support from spiritual leaders and priests may be comforting. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Sexually Transmitted Infections STI co-contribute to HIV transmission. If treated, it can help reduce AIDS spread through sexual intercourse and can keep a person healthier for longer. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Palliative Care Because of a lack of health infrastructure there are insufficient Palliative care institutes for people who are approaching the end of their lives. Palliative care provides comfort and support for people who are terminally ill and helps people die a comfortable death. (EDC121 Course Reader: 37) Strategies for the provision of HIV-related Treatment, care and support services Ensuring the continuation of education (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Providing psychosocial support for children (EDC121 Course Reader: 42) Treatment education at school HIV-positive learners and educators will need support in their workplace and the learning environment so that they can get treatment whilst on school grounds. Here are a few related issues: * Treatment support for HIV-positive students; * Support for students and teachers to visit medical centers for checkups; * How the affects of the treatment will impact on the learner and educators ability to teach and learn; * Adapting to the curricula of HIV AIDS so that the learners and teachers wont teach information that is out of date; * Educating students about treatment and the harm caused caused by stigma and discrimination so that they can give better support to their parents and families. (EDC121 Course Reader: 43) * Home-based care and education Across Southern Africa, in many schools students and teachers are providing outreach work to support the community members. This support can be categorized as follows: * Learners supporting sick members of the community; * Educators proving home-based educations to sick students. (EDC121 Course Reader: 43) * Universal precautions (EDC121 Course Reader: 44) * Support for basic needs (EDC121 Course Reader: 44) * Teaching livelihood skills (EDC121 Course Reader: 45) * Social grants (EDC121 Course Reader: 45) Successful school-based HIV/AIDS treatment, care and support programmes Caring School Environment It is a work-based policy based on the rights of children. * The recreation of opportunities for staff and students. (EDC121 Course Reader: 46) Child Centered Programmes * Policies reflecting a rights-based approach. * Children and young people should be involved in the design and carrying out of the programmes. (EDC121 Course Reader: 46) Build on existing services * Uniting HIV element s with existing policies rather than letting it stand alone. (EDC121 Course Reader: 46) Community Involvement * Policies that are developed with close consultation with members of the community. Strategy development including more help of men in the care and support system. * Socioculturally sensitive policies without compromising the shared fundamental traits of the programme. (EDC121 Course Reader: 46) The UNAIDS (2000) article Demographic effects Half of South Africa’s population are children and more then 60% of them live in poverty. Because there is an association between poverty levels and HIV infection, this percentage can serve as a figure for the number of children with AIDS. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Health effects Children that lives in an infected community struggles with ill health and poor nutrition. In rural areas children’s nutritional status suffers because they are dependant on household labour. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Family-life effects The household traditional structures is changing in communities that are affected and children that are vulnerable need to adapt to the demands of a non-traditional family and further deepening poverty. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Welfare effects Economically families and households are very hard hit by this. Because of illnesses and poor health productive family members they are often unable to work. Families are poor and are more vulnerable by the cost of illness and care. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Education effects Poor attendance in school already characterizes the landscape of South African education. HIV-infected children do not want to go public with their status. They do not want to feel ashamed at school. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Psychosocial effects Children’s psychosocial hardship and emotional shock is often not as visible as other problems but central importance. There are various difficult challenges that children have to face such as grief, loss of identity, stigma, rejection, death, etc. EDC121 Course Reader: 41) Orphanhood effects Disrupted families and death of parents and close relatives have created a huge number of abandoned South African children. By some calculations the number of orphans will have grown 9-12% of the countries population by 2015. (EDC121 Course Reader: 41) UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS Precautions basically include: – Caring for wou nds- Have emergency supplies on hand – Cleaning up blood spills- Gloves – Safely disposing of medical supplies- Medicines (EDC121 Course Reader: 44) REFERENCES EDC121 Course Reader, 2011 How to cite Hiv Prevention, Essay examples

Economics Supply and Demand and Price Elasticity Essay Sample free essay sample

1. Pull a circular-flow diagram. Identify the parts of the theoretical account that correspond to the flow of goods and services and the flow of dollars for each of the undermentioned activities. a. Sam pays a storekeeper $ 1 for a quart of milk. b. Sally earns $ 4. 50 per hr working at a fast nutrient eating house. c. Serena spends $ 7 to see a film. d. Stuart earns $ 10. 000 from his 10 per centum ownership of Acme Industrial. 2. What is a competitory market? Briefly describe a type of market that is non absolutely competitory. 3. What are the demand agenda and the demand curve and how are they related? Why does the demand curve incline downward? 4. Popeye’s income diminutions. and as a consequence. he buys more Spinacia oleracea. Is spinach an inferior or a normal good? What happens to Popeye’s demand curve for Spinacia oleracea? 5. What are the supply agenda and the supply curve and how are they related? Why does the supply curve incline upward? 6. Does a alteration in producers’ engineering lead to a motion along the supply curve or a displacement in the supply curve? Does a alteration in monetary value lead to a motion along the supply curve or a displacement in the supply curve? 7. Describe the function of monetary values in market economic systems. 8. List and explicate the four determiners of the snap of demand. 9. How did snap aid explicate why drug interdiction could cut down the supply of drugs. yet perchance increase drug related offenses? 10. For each of the undermentioned braces of goods. which good would you anticipate to hold more elastic demand and why? a. Required text editions or enigma novels b. Beethoven recordings or classical music recordings in general c. Heating oil during the following six months or heating oil during the following five old ages d. Root beer or H2O 11. Suppose that concern travellers and vacationists have the undermentioned demand for air hose tickets from New York to Boston: PRICE QUANTITY DEMANDEDQUANTITY DEMANDED( BUSINESS TRAVELERS ) ( VACATIONERS ) $ 15021001000200200080025019006003001800400 a. As the monetary value of tickets rises from $ 200 to $ 250. what is the monetary value snap of demand for: I ) Business travellers?two ) Vacationers?Use the center method in your computations.B. Why might vacationists have a different snap than concern travellers? 12. The New York Times reported ( Feb. 17. 1996. p. 25 ) that subway ridership declined after a fare addition: â€Å"There were about four million fewer riders in December 1995. the first full month after the monetary value of a item increased 25 cents to $ 1. 50. than in the old December. a 4. 3 percent diminution. † a. Use these informations to gauge the monetary value snap of demand for subway drives. B. Harmonizing to your estimation. what happens to the Transit Authority’s gross when the menu rises? c. Why might your estimation of the snap be undependable? 13. Two drivers–Tom and Jerry–each drive up to a gas station. Before looking at the monetary value. each topographic points an order. Tom says. â€Å"I’d like 10 gallons of gas. † Jerry says. â€Å"I’d like $ 10 worth of gas. † What is each driver’s monetary value snap of demand? 14. Economists have observed that disbursement on eating house repasts declines more during economic downswings than does passing on nutrient to be eaten at place. How might the construct of snap aid to explicate this phenomenon? 15. See public policy aimed at smoke. a. Surveies indicate that the monetary value snap of demand for coffin nails is about 0. 4. If a battalion of coffin nails presently costs $ 2 and the authorities wants to cut down smoke by 20 per centum. by how much should it increase the monetary value? B. If the authorities for good increases the monetary value of coffin nails. will the policy have a larger consequence on smoking one twelvemonth from now or five old ages from now? c. Studies besides find that adolescents have a higher monetary value snap than do grownups. Why might this be true? 16. Explain why the followers might be true: A drouth around the universe raises the entire gross that husbandmans receive from the sale of grain. but a drouth merely in Kansas reduces the entire gross that Kansas husbandmans receive. 17. See a consecutive line demand curve which goes through the points ( p=12. 70. q=2200 ) and ( p=12. 50. q=2300 ) . a. Calculate arc snapB. At each of the two points calculate point snapc. Calculate point snap at a monetary value of 12. 60. 18. See the demand curve P = 300 – . 6Q. Calculate the snap of demand at P = 200. 19. â€Å"An addition in the demand for notebooks raises the measure of notebooks demanded. but non the measure supplied. † Is this statement true or false? Explain. 20. See the market for minivans. For each of the events listed here. place which of the determiners of demand or supply are affected. Besides indicate whether demand or supply is increased or decreased. Then demo the consequence on the monetary value and measure of minivans. a. Peoples decide to hold more kids. B. A work stoppage by steelmakers rises steel monetary values.c. Engineers develop new machine-controlled machinery for the production of minivans. d. The monetary value of station waggons rises.e. A stock-market clang lowers people’s wealth. 21. During the 1990s. technological progress reduced the cost of computing machine french friess. How do you believe this affected the market for computing machine for computing machines? For computing machine package? For typewriters? 22. Because beigels and pick cheese are frequently eaten together. they are complements. a. We observe that both the equilibrium monetary value of pick cheese and the equilibrium measure of beigels have risen. What could be responsible for this pattern–a autumn in the monetary value of flour or a autumn in the monetary value of milk? Illustrate and explicate your reply. B. Suppose alternatively that the equilibrium monetary value of pick cheese has risen but the equilibrium measure of beigels has fallen. What could be responsible for this pattern–a rise in the monetary value of flour or a rise in the monetary value of milk? Illustrate and explicate your reply. 23. An article in The New York Times described a successful selling run by the Gallic bubbly industry. The article noted that â€Å"many executives felt dizzy about the stratospheric bubbly monetary values. But they besides feared that such crisp monetary value additions would do demand to worsen. which would so do monetary values to immerse. † What error are the executives doing in their analysis of the state of affairs? Illustrate your reply with a graph. 24. Emily has decided ever to pass tierce of her income on vesture. a.What is her income snap of dressing demand?B. What is her monetary value snap of dressing demand?c. If Emily’s tastes alteration and she decides to pass merely one-quarter of her income on vesture. how does her demand curve alteration? What are her income snap and monetary value snap now? 25. Pharmaceutical drugs have an inelastic demand. and computing machines have an elastic demand. Suppose that technological progress doubles the supply of both merchandises ( that is. the measure supplied at each monetary value is twice what it was ) . a. What happens to the equilibrium monetary value and measure in each market? B. Which merchandise experiences a larger alteration in monetary value? c. Which merchandise experiences a larger alteration in measure?d. What happens to entire consumer disbursement on each merchandise? 26. Because better conditions makes farmland more productive. farming area in parts with good conditions conditions is more expensive than farming area in parts with bad conditions conditions. Over clip. nevertheless. as progresss in engineering have made all farmland more productive. the monetary value of farming area ( adjusted for overall rising prices ) has fallen. Use the construct of snap to explicate why productiveness and farming area monetary values are positively related across infinite but negatively related over clip. 27. From initial places of equilibrium ( in each instance ) . bespeak the effects of demand and supply alterations ( as indicated ) on monetary value and measure. Individually graph the initial demand and supply curves. so the changed curves. and note the effects on monetary value and measure. Change ofresults inChange of demandsupply pricequantitya. ++B. +=c. +-d. =+e. ==f. =-g. -+h. -=I. – 28. Changes in equilibrium monetary value and measure have been observed–what alterations in supply and demand would account for these observed alterations? ObservedCauses ( s )PriceQuantity SupplyDemanda. + +B. + –c. – +d. – –29. Suppose that the demand for some merchandise is extremely ( monetary value ) rubber band. but non absolutely elastic. and that the supply is ( monetary value ) inelastic. but non absolutely inelastic. If supply decreases. what will go on to entire outgos ( grosss ) on the merchandise? Illustrate utilizing demand and supply curves. 30. Suppose the market demand for pizza is given by [ movie ] and the market supply for pizza is given by [ movie ] . where P=price ( per pizza ) . a. Graph the demand supply agendas for pizza utilizing $ 5 through $ 15 as the value of P. B. In equilibrium. how many pizzas would be sold and at what monetary value? c. What would go on if providers set the monetary value of pizza at $ 15? Explain the market accommodation procedure. d. Suppose the monetary value of beefburgers. a replacement for pizza. doubles. This leads a doubling of the demand for pizza ( at each monetary value consumers demand twice every bit much pizza as earlier ) . Write the equation for the new market demand for pizza. e. Find the new equilibrium monetary value and measure of pizza.

Once Soundtrack free essay sample

There are many examples of beautiful works of musical art that fall through the cracks of the mainstream perspective. The soundtrack to the independent film â€Å"Once† is a prime example. However, this album won an Academy Award for Best Original Song and was nominated for two Grammy awards. Although it’s still not known in the mainstream, the fact that it won such honors is a good sign. The film starred Glen Hansard (of the Irish band The Frames) and Marketa Irglova. They are also the main contributors to the soundtrack. The majority of the songs feature both artists singing with a chemistry that isn’t often found between collaborators. Most of these songs were performed either by The Frames or Irglova and Hansard on an album before the movie. The music takes a simple front, but the  ­effect is a subtle and beautiful complexity. The soundtrack opens with the award-winning song â€Å"Falling Slowly,† with bittersweet yet hopeful strains. We will write a custom essay sample on Once Soundtrack or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These feelings permeate most of the disk. The rising and falling instrumentation match Hansard and Irglova’s vocals. The strength and confidence of Hansard’s voice meets with  ­Irglova’s fragility to make a wonderful contrast. Many of the gems of this album (â€Å"If You Want Me,† â€Å"The Hill,† and â€Å"Once†) feature these elements. The warmth and bittersweet aching quality of this album is apparent even in songs not performed by Irglova and Hansard. There is really only one song that might seem different to  ­listeners. â€Å"Broken Hearted Hoover Fixer Sucker Guy† has the potential to be distracting when not in the context of the film. However, this doesn’t detract from the overall charm. This is still one of the most consistently well executed albums of the past few years.

Free Essays on Moral Structure

The Moral Structure in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find Thesis: Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† expresses how people know what is morally and ethically wrong, but in their mind they are right; it just takes something more for them to see the difference. I. Family interactions A. Respect needed for parents B. Grandchildren are mouthy C. Parents that do not care D. Mother’s fear of son E. Both children F. Little girl G. Grandmother and Sam. III. The Misfit A. Sent to jail and escapes B. Knows his morals differ C. Kills the realization IV. The entire trip A. Can only go to one place B. The stop at The Tower C. The unused road D. The accident E. Encountering the Misfit. The Morals of Life Throughout life we are all faced with issues that, in one way or another, pertain to morals and ethics. The choices that are made could and should have outside influences. There is no reason to not accept decision making help from friends or family members. Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† expresses how people know what is morally and ethically wrong, but in their mind they are right; it just takes something more for them to see the difference. In the beginning of Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† there is a total lack of respect within the family unit. This immoral disrespect starts when Bailey will not listen to his mother’s requests to go elsewhere on the family trip. She tries to convince him by showing a newspaper article of a man who has escaped from prison and is headed in the direction Bailey wants to travel (327-328). Bailey did not even look up from his reading (328). Turning to Bailey’s wife the old woman finds the same brick wall of ignorance. The woman’s own grandchildren seem to have no reverence toward her. The little boy, John Wesley, tells her that she could stay home if she doesn’t w... Free Essays on Moral Structure Free Essays on Moral Structure The Moral Structure in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find Thesis: Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† expresses how people know what is morally and ethically wrong, but in their mind they are right; it just takes something more for them to see the difference. I. Family interactions A. Respect needed for parents B. Grandchildren are mouthy C. Parents that do not care D. Mother’s fear of son E. Both children F. Little girl G. Grandmother and Sam. III. The Misfit A. Sent to jail and escapes B. Knows his morals differ C. Kills the realization IV. The entire trip A. Can only go to one place B. The stop at The Tower C. The unused road D. The accident E. Encountering the Misfit. The Morals of Life Throughout life we are all faced with issues that, in one way or another, pertain to morals and ethics. The choices that are made could and should have outside influences. There is no reason to not accept decision making help from friends or family members. Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† expresses how people know what is morally and ethically wrong, but in their mind they are right; it just takes something more for them to see the difference. In the beginning of Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† there is a total lack of respect within the family unit. This immoral disrespect starts when Bailey will not listen to his mother’s requests to go elsewhere on the family trip. She tries to convince him by showing a newspaper article of a man who has escaped from prison and is headed in the direction Bailey wants to travel (327-328). Bailey did not even look up from his reading (328). Turning to Bailey’s wife the old woman finds the same brick wall of ignorance. The woman’s own grandchildren seem to have no reverence toward her. The little boy, John Wesley, tells her that she could stay home if she doesn’t w...

Jomon Culture Hunter Gatherers of Japan

Jomon Culture Hunter Gatherers of Japan Jomon is the name of the early Holocene period hunter-gatherers of Japan, beginning about 14,000 B.C.E. and ending about 1000 B.C.E. in southwestern Japan and 500 C.E. in northeastern Japan. The Jomon made stone and bone tools, and pottery beginning at a few sites as early as 15,500 years ago. The word Jomon means cord pattern, and it refers to the cord-marked impressions seen on Jomon pottery. Jomon Chronology Incipient Jomon (14,000–8000 B.C.E.) (Fukui Cave, Odai Yamamoto I)Initial Jomon (8000–4800 B.C.E.) (Natsushima)Early Jomon (ca 4800–3000 B.C.E.) (Hamanasuno, Tochibara Rockshelter, Sannai Maruyama, Torihama Shell Mound)Middle Jomon (ca 3000–2000 B.C.E.) (Sannai Maruyama, Usujiri)Late Jomon (ca. 2000–1000 B.C.E.) (Hamanaka 2)Final (1000–100 B.C.E.) (Kamegaoka)Epi-Jomon (100 B.C.E.–500 C.E.) (Sapporo Eki Kita-Guchi) The Early and Middle Jomon lived in hamlets or villages of semi-subterranean pit houses, excavated up to about one meter into the earth. By the late Jomon period and perhaps as a response to climate change and a lowering of sea levels, the Jomon moved into fewer villages sited mainly on the coastlines and there relied increasingly on river and ocean fishing, and shellfish. The Jomon diet was based on a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and fishing, with some evidence for gardens with millet, and possibly gourd, buckwheat, and azuki bean. Jomon Pottery The earliest pottery forms of the Jomon were low-fired, round and pointed-based forms, created during the Initial period. Flat-based pottery characterized the Early Jomon period. Cylindrical pots are characteristic of northeastern Japan, and similar styles are known from mainland China, which may or may not suggest direct contact. By the Middle Jomon period, a variety of jars, bowls, and other vessels were in use. The Jomon have been the focus of much debate concerning the invention of pottery. Scholars today debate whether pottery was a local invention or diffused from the mainland; by 12,000 B.C.E. low-fired pottery was in use throughout East Asia. Fukui Cave has radiocarbon dates ca. 15,800–14,200 calibrated years BP on associated charcoal, but Xianrendong Cave in mainland China so far holds the oldest pottery vessels discovered on the planet, by perhaps a thousand years or so. Other sites such as Odai Yamomoto in Aomori prefecture have been found to date the same period as Fukui Cave, or somewhat older. Jomon Burials and Earthworks Jomon earthworks are noted by end of the Late Jomon period, consisting of stone circles around cemetery plots, such as at Ohyo. Circular spaces with earthen walls up to several meters high and up to 10 meters (30.5 feet) thick at the base were built at several sites such as Chitose. These burials were often layered with red ochre and were accompanied by polished stone staffs which may represent rank. By the Late Jomon period, evidence for ritual activities is noted at sites by elaborate grave goods such as masks with goggle eyes and anthropomorphic figurines accompanying burials placed in ceramic pots. By the Final period, farming of barley, wheat, millet, and hemp developed, and the Jomon lifestyle diminished all over the region by 500 C.E. Scholars debate whether the Jomon were related to the modern Ainu hunter-gatherers of Japan. Genetic studies suggest that they are likely biologically related to the Jomon, but the Jomon culture is not expressed within modern Ainu practices. The known archaeological correlate of the Ainu is called the Satsumon culture, who are believed to have displaced the epi-Jomon about 500 C.E.; Satsumon may be a descendant of the Jomon rather than a replacement. Important Sites Sannai Maruyama, Fukui Cave, Usujiri, Chitose, Ohyu, Kamegaoka, Natsushima, Hamanasuno, Ocharasenai. Sources Craig OE, Saul H, Lucquin A, Nishida Y, Tache K, Clarke L, Thompson AH, Altoft DT, Uchiyama J, Ajimoto M et al. 2013. Earliest evidence for the use of pottery. Nature 496(7445):351-354.Crawford GW. 2011. Advances in Understanding Early Agriculture in Japan. Current Anthropology 52(S4):S331-S345.Crema ER, and Nishino M. 2012. Spatio-temporal distributions of Middle to Late Jomon pithouses in Oyumino, Chiba (Japan). Journal of Open Archaeology Data 1(2).Ikeya N. 2017. Group migration and cultural change following the Akahoya volcanic ashfall: Identifying the pottery production centers at the beginning of the Early Jomon period of Japan. Quaternary International 442(Part B):23-32.Moriya T. 2015. A Study of the Utilization of Wood to Build Pit Dwellings from the Epi-Jomon Culture to the Satsumon Culture in Hokkaido Region, Japan. Journal of the Graduate School of Letters 10:71-85.Nakazawa Y. 2016. The significance of obsidian hydration dating in assessing the integrity of Holocene midden , Hokkaido, northern Japan. Quaternary International 397:474-483.

Disaster related risk management practices in IHG Essay

Disaster related risk management practices in IHG - Essay Example Risk management in this context can be stated as an ongoing process which sustains throughout organizational life cycle. With these considerations, the essay discusses disaster risk management practices in an organization namely InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) in Japan. Disaster usually follows natural threats and its severity depends on the level of impact on the organization. On the other hand, the level of impact is subjected to the choices made by organizations (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, â€Å"Risk Management Plan†). THESIS STATEMENT The essay is based on understanding the disaster related risk management practices in IHG which faced losses due to recent earthquake in Japan, in the year 2011. The objective of the study is to discuss the event along with its consequence on the risk management activities of IHG. Furthermore, it also describes the learning gained from the incident. BUSINESS OF THE ORGANISATION IHG is a British hospitality organization and is also considered as one of the biggest hotel brands in the world. IHG operates in excess of nine hotels under its name and its business strategies concentrate on driving the demand of the brand. IHG operates the business in three different ways namely franchising, joint venture and ownership. Franchising is the biggest part of the business of IHG, however, it also uses the bricks and mortar model of business (InterContinental Hotels Group, â€Å"Overview†). ... This natural disaster had created a drastic impact on the performance of IHG. Its ANA Holiday Inn, which is situated in Sendai, had to be closed down for new reservation. The organization also became vulnerable in terms of safety of its people and guests due to the disaster. Furthermore, the property of ANA Holiday Inn which was situated in the close proximity to Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant also faced the risk of disruption. The share price of the organization also fell drastically after the incident occurred in Japan (Telegraph Media Group Limited, â€Å"Japan Earthquake: The Companies Most Affected by the Disaster†). RISK MANAGEMENT IN IHG IHG has an established international risk management procedure and outline which is entrenched in every operation and activity of the organization. The objectives of risk management of IHG are to create a vigorous, reactive and strong procedure along with a successful, respected and liable business over the long run. With respect to ri sk management, the key objective of the organization is to recognize and manage risks, in line with the strategic objectives and long-term value of the business (InterContinental Hotels Group PLC, â€Å"Corporate Risk Management†). Risk Screening The risk management process is characterized by risk screening procedure which determines the risk severity and frequency. According to risk severity and frequency, risks can be separated into minor risks which do not necessitate much management attention and significant risks which require considerable management attention. There are two types of risks an organization can face such as internal risks and external risks. Internal risks comprise management, cost and cash flow related risks. On the other hand, external risks are usually related with

PP3003 Research Question Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

PP3003 Research Question Paper - Essay Example Milward suggests that the founding fathers of the EU actually intended their states to maintain sovereignty in the system and that only by binding the economies of the states to some extent together could their independence in a rapidly changing world be maintained. As Milward wrote in his The European Rescue of the Nation-State, "The reinvigorated nation-state had to choose the surrender of a degree of national sovereignty to sustain its reassertion . . .† (Milward 1992) The post-war system was such that European states would have had a harder time existing if they did not rely on one another. Without the EU they would not have as much independence as they have today. This is an interesting argument but is not a convincing one. It is one that makes more sense in the 1990s than it does in the aftermath of the recent expansion and economic crisis. The truth is that by overreaching, the EU has come to damage the independence of the nation state. Countries such as Greece and Irela nd have given up a great deal of sovereignty in recent months (Brown 2011). The EU bureaucracy and power have grown dramatically and eclipsed weaker countries. The EU has become, in some senses, a monster that has a life of its own. Nation states are vanishing within its bailout mechanism and refusal to allow individual devaluation. Milward's argument may have made more sense when he first made it but time has not been kind to it. Bomberg, E. (2003): The European Union: How Does It Work? (The New European Union Series). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Brown, JM (Jan. 2011): "How the Celtic Tiger Lost its Roar", Prospect. Milward, A (1992): The European Rescue of the Nation-State. New York: Routeledge. 2) What impact did the ECJ’s rulings in the Van Gend en Loos and Costa cases have on the development of the EU legal order? The rulings led to the establishment of the fact that the treaty creating the EC also created a new legal order, effectively creating a supra-national bod y of law. The Van Gend en Loos case related to tariffs between companies (Barnard 2007). One country wanted to raise a tariff on a chemical but this was found to breach EC law, as the purpose of the treaty was to reduce tariffs between countries. For the first time, it was determined that countries were required to obey rules higher than those created in their own legislatures. The countries of the EC were binding themselves together with new laws that in many senses encroached upon their independence and sovereignty. This case created the doctrine of direct effect, which was perhaps not foreseeable some of the new signatories to the EC treaty, whereby provisions in the treaty could have direct legal effect and overpower their own domestic law. Costa is a case that confirmed this idea. EC/EU law is paramount where a conflict occurs between the two laws. This has since been somewhat weakened by many national courts which suggest that this type of paramountcy only really occurs when t he EU law is in sync with the national constitution of the affected country. Not every EU law will therefore be paramount over every national law. There is some room to manoeuvre (Kent 2001). We can see from this important rulings by the ECJ the beginning of the legal order of the EU superstate. There were many unforeseen consequences to the signing of the first treaty and the beginning of ever closer union. Many legal

Importance of Friends Essay Example for Free

Importance of Friends Essay â€Å"The silver friend knows your present and the gold friend knows all of your past dirt and glories. Once in a blue moon there is someone who knows it all, someone who knows and accepts you unconditionally, someone who is there for life.† This is a quote I read once in an article by Jill McCorkle in my cousin’s house. McCorkle’s description of a â€Å"gold friend† describes a friendship that I have with a group of girls who mean the world to me. These friends are the pearls of my life. This word bears its great meaning to me and only to those who could understand the greatness of its meaning. It’s something sacred, it needs to be cherished and build up for many years with much care. Its a complex, magical process, which must contain fluid that will start spinning the wheel. Let me tell you something about my friends.When I was a freshman in high school, I became friends with these girls-Guia,Krisha, Carla, Magz, Cj, Jian, and Chantel. Since the beginning of that year, we have all been best friends. There were many times we rode around together. However, this particular Jeep ride was very significant because I realized what friendship is all about. One Tuesday night, we all went to Greenwich in SM, except Chantel, and eat there with the parents of Guia because it was the celebration of her birthday. This experienced will remain and will never be erased from me because it was one of the happiest things that had happened to me. Friendship like ours was something many people had never experienced. To me, the significance of our relationship is a unique bond that I feel with these ladies. They are like sisters that God did not give me. They have been there for me at times when my world was falling apart. As I finally drifted off to sleep that night, I thanked God for allowing me to have them in my life. These eight girls, including RIchel of course, have been my guardian angels. I have always been able to count on them, no matter what the situation is. They have helped me face the next day when I did not know if it was possible. We have been through everything; we have laughed, cried, and then laughed at ourselves for crying together. There have been many times when I have been lonely and I reminisce back to the experiences I had with them. It reminds me that there are people who care about me and accept me for who I am. A true friendship is a magnificent thing and as Talbot Jennings said â€Å"Friend is the finest word in any language. Life without friends is a life I could not imagine.

Strategic Planning Essay -- Business Planning Essays

Strategic Planning 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Appraise the formal planning efforts at the Copley Company for the period 1981 to 1984. INTRODUCTION Copley Manufacturing Company was primarily a manufacturer of a wide line of cutting tools and related parts and supplies. Late in 1980, Mr. Sagan, director of corporate development and Mr. Albert, executive vice president agreed that regular formal planning should become part of management’s way of life at Copley. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 1981, Copley Manufacturing Company had begun formal corporatewide planning. The formalized planning was ingrained into life at Copley through a series of visits by corporate groups, planning review meetings, as well as planning response meetings. However in 1982, the planning system was modified where the planning committee separated the formal planning cycle into three phases – Strategy Development phase, Quantitative phase and Action phase. In 1983, the planning process was largely influenced and administered by Mr. Tyler, the executive vice president. For recent development in 1984, the actual responsibility for planning has been placed directly on the executive vice president, group vice presidents and also division managers. DISCUSSION OF SITUATION IN 1981 In February 1981, Mr. Albert formed a corporate planning committee as the first step to move toward a regular formal planning process. In the discussion held, the planning committee decided on the process of ingraining the formalized planning into the life at Copley. On 21st March 1981, Mr. Albert requested the division general managers to sketch out a plan for regular formal planning and schedule for starting such an effort. The main objective of that effort is to issue guidelines for the preparation of divisional â€Å"provisional plans† (Brethauer 1999). On 6th June 1981, the corporate groups, which always included Mr. Albert and Mr. Sagan, had visited to the divisions constantly as an initial concept of formal planning activities. In the introductory meetings, Mr. Albert explained the importance of the planning effort, and Mr. Sagan explained the details. On 1st October 1981, the divisions, as well as the corporate staff groups, were asked to produce and submit the five-year plans. In November and December 1981, planning review meetings were held to review the divisional plans. On 28th December 1981, th... ...981 and modified in later years, leading Copley to attain success.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The top management had been continuously putting effort in making planning a way of life for Copley. Weaknesses  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 1982 changes in top management were temporarily disruptive to the planning effort.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Considerable effort was required to assimilate the acquired company and work out the split-up of Cutting Tool Division.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Division managers had been planning largely to satisfy the requirements but had failed to commit to the plans. Opportunities  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 10-year look indicated that Copley’s profit was sensitive to cyclical swings, and large cash flow could be expected.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Copley was mainly concerned in achieving future outgrowth through acquisition and merger.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Copley is expected to reach a minimum annual profit growth of 10 percent and a return on equity of 12.5 percent. Threats  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The depressed market conditions might result in Copley’s extensive loss.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was fearful that Copley would revert to a short-term orientation if it continued along the present path.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a great tendency in American business to over manage, over plan, over staff, and over organize.

The Souls of Black Folk Critical Analysis

Critical Analysis Madonna R. Stengel Spalding University In the selections, Forethought, Chapter I and Chapter V from W. E. B. De Bois’ The Souls of Black Folk, the author is attempting to explain the inner struggle playing out in the subconscious of African-American’s minds following the era of reconstruction, as well as offer his common sense solutions to this matter. He refers to this battle of dueling realities within the mind as double consciousness, using â€Å"the veil† as a metaphor to illustrate the isolation and sometimes the protection felt when living within the veil.He attempted to help African-Americans, as well as whites find peace with each other and within their souls, by being true to themselves, instead of accepting the ascribed identities or being the offenders who ascribe those identities. This theme of autonomy and injustice is obviously a common thread of many African American authors, although De Bois takes the concepts a bit further by an alyzing ascribed vs. avowed identity and the reality of human limitations.The message, especially in Chapter V is a forward thinking, broad view that involves setting ethical priorities, educating people appropriately, while not allowing imposed limitations regarding race, gender or socio-economics to hold some back nor the stumbling block of human limitations hold other back. Therein lies the difference between De Bois and some other authors, who endeavor to empower by offering only grandiose ideals without common sense solutions. W. E. B De Bois was very concerned with this dual consciousness theory and image of the â€Å"veil† as an approach to bringing broad understanding to the African-American experience.He believed that it was important for African-Americans to recognize this phenomenon, but equally important was the education and recognition of those who imposed the â€Å"veil. † De Bois is implying, not so subtly, with the veil analogy that it’s a tool to separate and diminish whoever is wearing it and if there is no ability to look figuratively into the eyes, one can’t know the soul, and if one can’t know the soul, one does not have to recognize the humanity. Therefore, injustices and sub-human treatment is much easier to carry out and defend.Also, as educator De Bois was concerned with access to an equitable and appropriate education for all, even if that meant â€Å"teaching the worker to work. † He realized that the key to empowerment was education. He also realized that it was not only the African- Americans population that was in need of an education. He held strong to the belief that it was imperative to train blacks and whites with respect to one another’s culture, in an effort to bring peace and understanding between the races. He also realized that some people, regardless of their race, social status or gender were more inclined to be scholarly than others.He writes, â€Å"Neither or both: te ach the worker to work and the thinker to think; †¦And the final product of our training must be neither a psychologist nor a brickmason, but a man. And to make men, we must have ideals, broad, pure and inspiring ends of living—–not sordid money-getting, not apple of gold. † The worker must work for the glory of his handiwork, not simply for pay; the thinker must think for truth, not fame. So, the message is be true to oneself, and the rest will follow. Works Cited Du Bois, W. E. B. (1969) The souls of black folk: Essays and sketches. New York: Fawcett World Library.

Game theory in online game market Essay

In Chinese online game market, there are two normal price strategies, Charging and Free. The Charging means that the customers need to pay for the game. They need to buy the game client or pay for the playing time (for example: RMB30 for 4000minits or RMB90 for 1month). The Free means that the customers can play the basic game for free. And they can buy some items in the shop on the official website or directly in the game store. The two players I picked for this analysis are World of Warcraft from Blizzard Entertainment, Inc.and a new launched online game from Beijing Perfect World Network Technology Co. , Ltd. Blizzard Entertainment is one of the best game producers all over the world. And the World of Warcraft is one of the three most famous game launched by Blizzard Entertainment. In number of simultaneous online players of World of Warcraft reached its peak on 2009 at about 13million players. This number decreased to about 10million in 2012. And now, based on the financial report from Blizzard Entertainment, this number is about 8million. Perfect World is one of the most famous game producers in China. They launched more than 15 online games not only in Chinese market, but also in oversea market such as Europe, North America, Russia and Australia. My topic is about that Perfect World wants to launch a new online game in Chinese market. And then Blizzard Entertainment will decide the price strategy for World of Warcraft. Both the two company has two price strategies, Charging and Free. The World of Warcraft now using the Charging price strategy. Because that when Blizzard Entertainment launched World of Warcraft, it was the best online game in the online game market. Now some of their customers go to play free games. But the World of Warcraft still being seen as has higher quality than any â€Å"Made in China† online games. Perfect World Blizzard EntertainmentPW: Free BE: FreePW: Charging BE: Free PW: Free BE: ChargingPW: Charging BE: Charging In the left top block, both the two company choose Free. In this case, more customers will choose Blizzard Entertainment’s game. At the same price, they will naturally choose the better one. But the Blizzard Entertainment’s profits will decline as they translate from Charging to Free. In the left bottom block, Blizzard Entertainment keep Charging and Perfect World choose Free. This situation is what happened in recent years. Some of their customers go to play free games. The Blizzard Entertainment will lose their customers and profits. In the right top block, Blizzard Entertainment changes its price strategy to Free but Perfect World chooses Charging. In this case, most of customers will choose Blizzard Entertainment’s World of Warcraft. Because they can play higher quality game for free. In the right bottom block, both the two company choose Charging. In this situation, both of them will lose their profits. The customers will go to find other free games in the market. So l will evaluate the case as follow: Perfect World Blizzard EntertainmentPW: Free(4) BE: Free(5)PW: Charging(3) BE: Free(10) PW: Free(5) BE: Charging(6)PW: Charging(3) BE: Charging(3) So we can see that no matter Blizzard Entertainment choose Charging or Free, Perfect World will choose Free to get more profits. That means, in this Sequential Game, Perfect World has its domain option to choose Free. After Perfect World make its decision, Blizzard Entertainment will keep Charging to get more profits.

Free Essays on Korean Jewelry

Silla, Paekche, and Karak are known as the three kingdoms in the Three Kingdoms period that occurred approximately between the years of 37 B. C. E. and 668 C. E. In coming together in unity, these three kingdoms enjoyed more freedom than they had for many years because of the lack of fighting between their three kingdoms as well as the unified front that they presented to others. Invasions became less frequent from common enemies, namely Japan and China, who would continue to invade and overtake Korea even in the twentieth century. The Three Kingdoms period was a time of flourishing art and ability. It was a time that Korea began to see more things Chinese mainly because of an invasion of another kind, Buddhism. It was during this time that many Korean people, mainly chungin class artists, began to notice and imitate Chinese art that was beginning to be imported. The chungin class in Korea was known as middle class. Theirs was a small group that consisted of educated laborers such as astronomers, physicians, interpreters and artists. This group was subordinate to the yangban, or nobility. The yangban’s taste in art differed in that from the chungin class. The chungin preferred a more realistic approach to art whereas the yangban’s taste was for the more dreamlike and fantastic. The chungin also preferred to speak in their native tongue, Hanguk (Korean) whereas the yangban considered it vulgar not to speak in Chinese. All Korean people who could write at this time did so in Chinese because the Korean characters were not â€Å"created† until the fifteenth century by King Sejong. Most secrets of the metal smithing and engraving have remained just that, secrets. There is a lack of written information on most Korean skills because most skilled workers utilized the master-apprentice system of passing information through generations. Whatever we do know about the creating of art during this time comes from the writings of ... Free Essays on Korean Jewelry Free Essays on Korean Jewelry Silla, Paekche, and Karak are known as the three kingdoms in the Three Kingdoms period that occurred approximately between the years of 37 B. C. E. and 668 C. E. In coming together in unity, these three kingdoms enjoyed more freedom than they had for many years because of the lack of fighting between their three kingdoms as well as the unified front that they presented to others. Invasions became less frequent from common enemies, namely Japan and China, who would continue to invade and overtake Korea even in the twentieth century. The Three Kingdoms period was a time of flourishing art and ability. It was a time that Korea began to see more things Chinese mainly because of an invasion of another kind, Buddhism. It was during this time that many Korean people, mainly chungin class artists, began to notice and imitate Chinese art that was beginning to be imported. The chungin class in Korea was known as middle class. Theirs was a small group that consisted of educated laborers such as astronomers, physicians, interpreters and artists. This group was subordinate to the yangban, or nobility. The yangban’s taste in art differed in that from the chungin class. The chungin preferred a more realistic approach to art whereas the yangban’s taste was for the more dreamlike and fantastic. The chungin also preferred to speak in their native tongue, Hanguk (Korean) whereas the yangban considered it vulgar not to speak in Chinese. All Korean people who could write at this time did so in Chinese because the Korean characters were not â€Å"created† until the fifteenth century by King Sejong. Most secrets of the metal smithing and engraving have remained just that, secrets. There is a lack of written information on most Korean skills because most skilled workers utilized the master-apprentice system of passing information through generations. Whatever we do know about the creating of art during this time comes from the writings of ...

Bureau of Correction Essay Example for Free

Bureau of Correction Essay Corrections in the Philippines started during pre-colonial times when the task was community-based. It was only during the Spanish regime that an organized corrective service was made operational. The main penitentiary was the Old Bilibid Prison at Oroquieta Street in Manila which was established in 1847. It was formally opened on April 10, 1986 by a Royal Decree. About four years later, on August 21, 1870, the San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm in Zamboanga City was established to confine Muslim rebels and recalcitrant political prisoners opposed to the Spanish rule. The facility which faced the Jolo Sea had Spanish-inspired dormitories and was originally set on a 1,414-hectare sprawling estate. When the Americans took over in the 1900s, the Bureau of Prisons was created under the Reorganization Act of 1905 (Act No. 1407 dated November 1, 1905) as an agency under the Department of Commerce and Police. It also paved the way for the re-establishment of San Ramon Prison in 1907, which was destroyed in 1898 during the Spanish-American War. It placed under the auspices of the Bureau of Prisons and started receiving prisoners from Mindanao. Before the reconstruction of San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm, the Americans established in 1904 the Luhit Penal settlement (now Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm) on a vast reservation of 28,072 hectares. It would reach a total land area of 40,000 hectares in the late 1950s. It was located on the western most part of the archipelago far from the main town to confine incorrigibles with the hope of rehabilitation. The area was expanded to 41,007 hectares by virtue of Executive Order No. 67 issued by Governor Newton Gilbert on October 15, 1912. Other penal colonies were established during the American regime. On November 27, 1929, the Correctional Institution for Women (CIW) in Mandaluyong City was created under Act No. 3579 while the Davao Penal colony in S outhern Mindanao was opened on January 21, 1932 under Act No. 3732. The CIW was founded to provide separate facilities for women offenders. To date, there are two Correctional Institutions for Women, the one mentioned in Mandaluyong and the other one is located in Davao Prison and Penal Farm in Dujali, Davao Del Norte. Owing to the increasing number of committals to the old Bilibid Prison in Manila, the New Bilibid Prison was established in 1935 in the southern suburb of Muntinlupa City. The old prison was transformed into a receiving center and a storage facility for farm produce from the colonies. It was later abandoned and is now under the jurisdiction of the Public Estates Authority. After the American regime, two more penal institutions were established. These were the Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm in Occidental Mindoro under proclamation No. 72 issued on September 26, 1954 and Leyte Regional Prison under proclamation No. 1101 issued on January 16, 1973. The Bureau of Prisons was renamed Bureau of Corrections under the New Administrative Code of 1987 and Presidential Proclamation No. 495 issued on November 22, 1987. It is one of the attached agencies of the Department of Justice. The Bureau of Corrections presently has seven satellite prisons, namely; the New Bilibid Prison in Muntinlupa City, the Correctional Institution for Women in Mandaluyong City, the Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm in Occidental Mindoro, the Leyte Regional Prison in Abuyog, Leyte, the Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, the San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm in Zamboanga City and the Davao Prison and Penal Farm in Dujali, Panabo, Davao Del Norte. Of these prison satellites, the New Bilibid Prison in Muntinlupa City as the Central Office serves as the main penitentiary as the Central office is also located in there. As of August 2012, the total population of prisoners confined in all satellites of the BuCor is 20,000. It is at this juncture, that handling, managing and taking care of the records of these inmates are of complex types of work which have to be performed by the competent personnel assigned at the â€Å"Inmate Document and Processing Division.† Bureau of Correction. (2016, Dec 16).

Organizational and technical issues of significance in the Research Paper

Organizational and technical issues of significance in the international or global management of information systems - Research Paper Example In a digital world, key business assets such as intellectual property, essential capabilities and human being resources are controlled through digital means. Moreover, any information required to support key business decisions is available any given time and anywhere within digital firms, which gives digital firms the ability to respond rapidly compared to the traditional firms making digital firms flexible and able to survive in turbulent times. Information systems offer digital firms extraordinary opportunities to global organizations and management because information systems enable business firm to possess the potential of achieving unprecedented levels of prosperity and competitiveness. International information systems are made up of fundamental information systems necessary for corporations to coordinate global business and various other activities. Digital firms are distinguished by their reliance on information technology in organizing and managing their activities; hence, m anagers consider information systems as useful enablers as well as the core of business and a primary management tool despite the various challenges to information systems. ... Information systems contain information regarding considerable people and things within an organization or even within the surroundings of the organization. Information system from business perspective is considered a managerial tool that has its basis on information technology useful in solving challenges within the environment. Therefore, information systems form an integral part in organizations because some companies like credit reporting firms would not be in business without information systems. A significant part of management involves creative work that is propelled by knowledge and information; hence, information system plays a significant and powerful role in redirecting and redesigning an organization. Information technology is a tool managers use to tackle change where computer hardware is used to input, process and output information within an information system. Information systems consist of various components that include the processing unit, several input, and output and storage devices as well as physical media that connects the devices. Computer software involves detailed programmed instructions that coordinate computer hardware within an information system, while storage technology involves physical media for keeping data like optical disks as well as software that governs the organization of data on the physical media. Communication technology incorporates physical gadgets and software in linking the several parts of hardware and transferring data from one place to another through computer networks in order to share resources. Technology resources that can be shared throughout an organization constitute the organization’s information technology infrastructure,

Strategies for Building Effective Relationships Assignment

Strategies for Building Effective Relationships - Assignment Example Therefore, in order to have a rebranding strategy and to see it succeed, the company needs an internal reboot, rather than just a mere brand make-over. My endeavor shall be to ensure that past records of rough behavior or disagreements are erased from the working memory of peer managers and subordinates. A new project lead faces the brunt and dissatisfaction of employees left behind by the previous manager and my task would be to ensure that the interpersonal relationships amongst all these sections of the team are established. Here is a step by step process of how we would go about it. Before we begin understanding how to go about rebuilding relationships within this company, it would be more important for us to understand why we need to do so. If the revenues on the already launched products have been going down over the past three years, then even before we plan a new launch, we need a rehash of ethical and management practices to bring back the unity and quality. Once all the employees of the company are on the same page, it becomes easy to plan a new launch and see it succeed, since every employee would collaborate and come up with ideas that the company benefits from. To check and correct product performance, we need to check the quality of products being released in the market, the audience niches targeted, and the market predictions. And to get all these things working, we need a great team. In my new position as a project manager in my uncle’s company, I am looking to follow a three-step approach to reviving the company’s spirits and sales. Firstly, there needs to be a whole lot of interactive exercises which cross out behavioral differences and make the team players more transparent to the existing problems or notches in the working of the different sections of the company. Secondly, we need an ultra-dynamic team that recognizes the risks, potentials, and vulnerabilities.

5 Steps To meeting Someone New Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

5 Steps To meeting Someone New - Essay Example If your date enjoys music, perhaps the obvious choice would be attending a music concert. Instead, however, consider going on step further and take a portable CD player, a picnic basket and your date out for a quiet lunch under the sun. If your date is a film fanatic, avoid a crowded theater and opt for a projector and find the perfect place to host your own private showing of a comedy movie that's sure to bring a smile to your date's face. By being creative, you will show that you have put thought into the evening.The second step is making your First Impression. First impression plays an important role when you're meeting up with a woman, because your first impression can either make it or break it. A lot of guys don't take this seriously, but it's a fact that if you're able to make a GOOD first impression, then chances of you getting with that girl will be around 90%. But if you fail to do so, then your chances are reduced dramatically to 20%. Just think about this, you just went o n a blind date and it turns out to be that the girl doesn't smell nice, her hair looks awful and she didn't put too much effort dressing up. Would you want to meet up with her again I don't think so!! So here are some simple things you need to remember, in order to make a good first impression. Always look your best and smell good.

How Globalisation Is Shaping Up The Chinese Culture Media Essay

How Globalisation Is Shaping Up The Chinese Culture Media Essay It is a term coined by critical theorists Theodor Adorno (1903-69) and Max Horkheimer (1895-1973). So-called cultural industries or creative industries have become very popular recently with Chinas economic planners and business people. These people, in constant search for new areas with growth potential and business commercial opportunities, I believe they have spotted a bonanza after seeing market victories by companies such as Shanda, the Nasdaq-listed computer game developer, and Hunan Satellite TV, which produced quite a few commercially successful programmes like Super Girls, designed after American Idol. Cultural industries have already been put into the local governments. Chinese cultural industry maintains growth by government supported loans. Chen Yuxin, Li Huizi BEIJING, Aug. 4 (Xinhua). A list of 15 cultural enterprises has been submitted to the Export and Import Bank of China via the Ministry of Culture for a huge amount of bank loans to support development of Chinas cul tural industry. The State Council of china to, import and export projects, will grant loans of at least 20 billion Yuan. The cultural industries have become a fresh driving force of Chinas economic growth. The gross output value of Chinese cultural industries including the press, movie, broadcast, journalism, advertising, tourism, show business, Internet communication and relevant services hit 1.2 trillion yuan (about 150 billion US dollars) in 2004.( Dominic Power and Alien J. Scott,2004). Ever since the publication of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimers essay on culture industries in the mid 1940s, there has been a lively debate about the production, distribution, and consumption of cultural products. Cultural industries worldwide have adapted to the new digital technologies and to the arrival of national, regional and international regulatory policies. These factors have radically altered the context in which cultural goods, services, and investments flow between countries and consequently, these industries have undergone a process of Globalisation and progressive concentration, resulting in the formation of a few big corporations. These industries also provide an increasingly important avenue for employment creation. The growing significance of the cultural industries within the economy and to employment is becoming apparent. Moreover, in certain countries, cultural industries may also be referred to as creative industries or future-oriented industries. In all cases, the conception includes printing, publishing and multimedia, audiovisual, phonographic and cinematographic productions as well as crafts and design. However, in some countries, this concept also embraces architecture, visual and performing arts, sports, manufacturing of musical instruments, advertising and cultural tourism. By all means, we are talking about industries that add value to contents, generate value for individuals, societies and wealth, nurture creativity and innovation in production and commercialisation processes. They are also central in promoting and maintaining cultural diversity. Creative works, embedded in books, records, films, multimedia, crafts and fashion design products, nowadays most popular gateways to enjoy cultural and artistic expressions and are conveyed worldwide disseminated by cultural industries. To a large extent, reciprocal images and stereotypes of cultures and civilizations are being constructed through global cultural industries. World citizens need opportunities to develop new content, products reflecting their own concerns, lifestyles and interests, as well as the means to ensure that these cultural goods and services can compete in domestic, regional and global markets. GLOBALISATION: Globalization is often seen by its proponents as facilitating a new idealism of Economic openness, political transparency, and global culture. Globalization provides an opportunity for the advancement of common human standards and equality as norms and rules are channelled throughout the world. This Global proximity is thought to foster cooperation and to increase security. Alternatively, globalization is often seen as a tool for large hegemonic states to exercise economic primacy with little regard for human rights, labour standards, or the environment. But Globalisation has shaped up the Chinese industry well. The global television system has dramatically changed during the past two decades. The number of television sets and the number of TV channels has rapidly increased as television industries have been privatized and commercialized. New broadcasting systems such as cable and satellite broadcasting industries have also become part of everyday life around the world. The transform ation of the global television industry system can be understood within the larger context of global political-economic shifts and accompanying technological development. Specifically, I explore the changing structure of the Chinese broadcasting industry by examining consolidation. That is, I analyze foreign and domestic investment activities of the TV industry. I also discuss the role of national governments and domestic communication industries in the transformation of the broadcasting system. The Global Alliance for Cultural diversity: Making Globalization and work for culture. At the time we drafted the universal declaration on Cultural Diversity, we realised that those aspects relating cultural goods and services conveyed by cultural industries could only attract real interest among member states that already had a minimum of cultural industry infrastructure and Were in a position to design and finance appropriate cultural policies. It therefore appeared necessary to advance, in parallel, operational action to develop and strengthen cultural industries (Publishing, music, cinema and audiovisual, multimedia, crafts and Fashion design) in developing countries. We were also fully aware that piracy was eroding the sound development of legally established local industries in many countries and was about to become a major enemy of cultural diversity at the global scale. International instruments on cultural diversity and trade agreements will have little value for developing countries if there are no endogenous goods or Services to be consumed domestically or t o be exported. Hybridization and global culture: Globalization has been seen as a process, but also a project; a reality, but also a belief (Mattelart, 2002). There is continuing debate over its onset, definition and end result. Many believe that a global culture will emerge with the rise of globalization. Yet opinions are divided over what the nature of this culture will be, whether it will be a single homogeneous system that is characterized by convergence and the presence of the universal in the Particular (Wallerstein, 1990) or it will be an ensemble of particulars that features long distance interconnectedness (Hannerz, 1996). With The rise of post colonialism, the concept of hybridity has become a new facet of the debate about global culture in the social sciences. (Bhabha, 1994). As cable and satellite television mushroomed in the 1990s, the demand for Films and television programs grew twentyfold and more in China. This demand has led to the localization of global products and the globalization of local products on an unprecedented scale. This phenomenon allows producers to borrow ideas to enlighten an established story model or to make content adjustments to cater to the needs of a different audience. In 2001, a Chinese language martial arts film became the then highest grossing foreign language film ever made (Lahr, 2003: 72) in the history of Hollywood film, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, has almost every ingredient needed to make it authentically Chinese. Adapted from a novel Published in China in the early 1930s, it features romantic martial arts story that is set in ancient China. The Cheesiness of the film is also Characterized by dazzling sword fights, period costumes, an iconic Chinese Setting and an all Chinese cast who speak Mandarin throughout the film. However, one aspect of the film production sets it apart from other Chinese Martial arts films; it was made with an eye on the market beyond Greater China, was financed through international production, bonds and bank loans and was distributed by a transnational distributor. Despite the attacks that the film has received from critics, its market success in repackaging an ethnic Story for a global audience, manifests two closely linked characteristics of Cultural production today; namely, the indispensable role of the capitalist, mechanism in financing, marketing and distribution and the emergence of Cultural fusion and hybridization as a prevailing strategy for transnational content design. It is also one of Disneys most profitable films. Crouching Tiger was originally targeted at art theatres outside of the Greater China region, but with a box office total of US$213,200,000 and international awards, including the Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film. It became the most successful Non-American film made. Wang, D.L. (1985). Understanding local reception of globalized cultural products in the context of the International cultural economy: The populist oriented Hollywood blockbuster movies that tend to target the lowest common denominator are often accused by Chinese intellectuals of being culturally debilitating. Yet Chinas nationwide debate revolving around two technocratic, spectacle driven domestic blockbusters by its renowned film director Zhang Yimou, Hero (2002) and House of Flying Daggers (2004). Their excessive marketing have demonstrated Hollywoods broader and more systemic impact on Chinas film style, marketing practice and media culture, which are increasingly in line with the unified global standard set by Hollywood and marked by relentless commercialism. By studying the two movies, reception in China, describes how a national culture receives globalized versions of its own traditions, the role of Hollywood, and the implications for international cultural exchange and national identity in the context of the international cultural economy. (Bezlova, A, 2003) Exploring the Meanings of Globalization in Beijing: A number of people who view globalization from a Universalist perspective criticize the growing erosion of traditional values aided by rapid development of information technology and transnational corporations (Barber 1992; Parker 2005). At its extreme, proponents of this school appear to suggest that globalization is another form of cultural imperialism. Think globally, act locally is the business motto of Viacom Inc, one of the largest global entertainment corporations in the world. Through the case study of Viacoms MTV Channel in China, examines how transnational media corporations have localized in China, and the implications of the globalization/localization process. Viacom may well be the first American global media enterprise to significantly penetrate the China market and has drawn the attention of the Chinese public and officials alike. In 1999 Viacom spent $37.3 billion acquiring CBS, the network on which Jiang Zimen agreed to be interviewed by Mick Wallace on the programme 60 Minutes. This created perhaps the deepest impression of Viacom in Chinese minds. With pre-eminent positions in broadcast and cable television, radio, outdoor advertising and online (Viacom.com), Viacom covers creation, promotion, and distribution of entertainment, news, sports, music and comedy of all these businesses. MTV (Music Television) is the worlds most widely distributed television network, reaching more than 340 million households in 140 countries via 31 localized TV channels and 17 web sites. Since its establishment in 1981, through its ground-breaking visual expression of popular music, MTV has become a global youth phenomenon. Viacom first entered China through its entertainment arm MTV Asia 3, which covers three regional channels, MTV Mandarin, MTV Southeast Asia and MTV India, and reaches over 124 million households in 21 territories. The Chinese-language MTV Mandarin was inaugurated in 1995 along with its precursor, Channel V of Murdochs News Corporation, one of o nly two legal foreign owned music channels in China. In the late 1990s, while Murdoch had already found the key to opening Chinas door by satellite broadcasting with both legal and illegal reception and other cable relay services, MTV seized the opportunity to extend its arm into the region (Xu, 2002). Initially MTV China was available only in expensive hotels and areas inhabited by foreigners. Like Viacoms localization strategies in other countries, MTV renounced campaigning against the Chinese government for acceptance in China. With the experience of creating animated Korean characters strongly laden with traditional cultural elements in Korea, they repeated the experiment in China and thrived on four locally produced television programmes, the main 60-minute MTV programme MTV Global Village (Tian Lai Cun), MTV Star Profile (Mingxing Dangan) featuring biographies of artists in movies, MTV Chart of Glory (Guangrong Bang), a synopsis of music charts across the globe, and MTV Learning English (Xue yingyu) which teaches cool English. Th is programming serves up a playlist consisting of 70 percent Chinese music videos with the balance made up of international videos for viewers in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. It also cooperated with Chinas state broadcaster China Central Television (CCTV) to produce the CCTV-MTV Music Awards in Beijing and later with Shanghai Media Group (SMG) to create 72 Global Media and Communication of Style Awards in Shanghai. Coupled with the localization strategy of local people, local programme, MTV sell their made-in-China syndicated programmes to stations in different Chinese cities, inserting advertising between the programme slots, and have thus gradually established their profitable business Weber, Ian (2003). The time race and time signification in the reform era: A study of changing movie theatres in urban China, this case of changing Chinese movie theatres serves as a miniature of the discursive process of how tension and ideological contention in cultural Production is revealed in Chinas reform era. For a long time, movie Theatres in China operated as a state-subsidized institution. Since 1979, China has been attempting to establish a market economy under the control of the Communist Party. The economic reform has brought various tensions to the fore, particularly those between state control and individual choice, the public and private spheres, material and cultural production, and ideological domination and resistance. Through the analysis of movie theatres, we intend to shed some light on the working of these tensions and on the main currents of cultural dynamics in Chinas reform era. Time also reveals itself as an irreversible arrow. The past exists in archives and our recollections, the present lives in direct experiences, and the future is in our imagination or inspiration. Nevertheless, the three time categories may not be so neatly arranged in a sequential order. The past is often situationally Constructed in the specific contexts of present social practices and is used as a symbolic resource (Appadurai, 1981). Social actors are able to follow and to reshape the script that explicates the past in the cultural sphere, Zhou, Tai (1993). The Deepening development of city movie theatres are renovation in the Nation (Quanguo chengshi yingyuan gaizao xiang zongshen fazhan), in China Film Yearbook 1993, p. 224. Beijing: China Cinema Press (Chinese). A developing market in News: Xinhua News Agency and Chinese newspapers Nothing can give us a better understanding of the earliest news agencies than tracing the history of their links with newspapers. It is also true that, without consideration of news agencies, the history of the capitalist newspaper industry cannot be fully understood. The early history of traditional news agencies is largely tied up with the development of the Newspaper industry (Thussu, 2000: 20; Gorman and McLean, 2003: 6-7). In the process of globalization, particularly in the contemporary digital environment based on the internet, news agencies, both old and new, have been challenged by rapid technological and economic changes. In this new environment, they have to compete not only with their counterparts but also with diversified media and non-media news providers. Intensifying Competition as a result of marketing, commercialization and digitalization, on the one hand it is forcing traditional news wholesalers to change their business model in order to survive; on the other hand, it is providing more opportunities for new entrants along with the fragmentation of news and information markets. The acceleration of marketing of the Chinese economy as a whole, and of the media industry in particular, has forced the national news agency to adopt more market principles in order to survive intensifying competition in both domestic and international markets Chu, L.L. (1994). Television and New Media: Greater China, understood as Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Peoples Republic of China, has been divided along political and economic lines for most of the past century. Nevertheless, just in the past decade, after globalisation television has emerged as a medium able to cross the boundaries within and around Greater China, to create new patterns of exchange within the Chinese speaking world, and to engage in complex ways with global forces of culture and commerce. This process has been driven by the liberation of National television industries of China and Taiwan since the 1980s. The establishment of commercial cable and satellite networks, both local and multinational, and the development of the technologies, reproduction of video cassettes and video compact discs have created a unified market for Mandarin-language television programming. The particular characteristics of the regions, with strong commercial production skills in Hong Kong and to a lesser extent Taiwan, and the colossal g rowth of the mainland Chinese commercial television industry have shaped the kinds of programming being produced and the way advertising has approached the market. One of the ways television expresses difference within Greater China is with the Chinese conceptualization of modernity. As argued by Duara, Fitzgerald, and others, the ideology of modernity in China is a sharply relational one, particularly preoccupied with Chinas relationship to other Sinclair. The Chinese ideology of modernity is concerned, on one hand, with the national need for Chinas technological modernization and, on the other, with the value of the personal practice of modern behaviours and lifestyles (Anagnost 1997, 75). Star TV was forced to accommodate Chinese officials in an attempt to gain carriage on government cable systems. Moreover, Rupert Murdochs dreams of exploiting a pan Asian market were dashed by the cultural diversity of audiences and the logistical demands of competing with local and national television broadcasters. Likewise, the complexity of product distribution networks on the ground undermined the possibility of expansive advertising strategies in the sky. And, finally, the promotional chores associated with building services inside China were worsened by restrictions on newspaper and magazine advertising. The Rise of the Anchor in Chinese Television: The television industry perceived influence of TV anchors (presenters) on Chinese television in the past 10 years or so, including the approaches and various institutional guidelines and disciplinary measures imposed by government departments and media institutions. Through the case of China Central Television (CCTV) and based on a theoretical framework that draws on the discourse of news culture, the study explores the different types of anchored media presented in the genres of news and current affairs, and tracks the rise of four of Chinas most popular anchors in these genres. Using a combination of discourse, visual and policy analysis, the popularity of high-profile anchor people in China since the mid 1990s has created a new type of influence, one not without its limitations but which may also contribute to a public sphere with Chinese characteristics. Chinese pop culture and music: Popular music and the culture industries, the intersection between gender politics in Chinese societies and the musical success of Faye Wong, the reigning diva of the Hong Kong based pop music industry. Unlike earlier female singing stars, Fayes music and public personal explicitly resist standard market practices and conventional representations of femininity. Yet, paradoxically, these unconventional qualities have contributed to her sustained success over the past 10 years. Thus, Fayes star personal operates both as a marketable commodity and as a site of significant cultural work in the region of gender politics. Using Bourdieus distinction between economic and cultural capital, shows how music companies enriched cultural capital as part of their promotional efforts and how in turn exploited that very capital in unconventional ways. Chow, Chien-I (1998) The Globalization of Chinese Film and TV: Michael Curtin is among many Western scholars and critics to focus their attention on the Chinese film and TV industry. His book presents a vivid picture of the development and globalization of the Chinese film and TV industry in the Greater China area from the 1950s till now. Apart from the unparalleled abundance of in depth interviews with key players, one of the greatest values of Curtins book is its intensity. While drawing a historic picture of the development of Chinese film and television, it raises many profound questions about the changing society of Greater China. Among these questions, two of them should attract wide attention from scholars who are interested in researching Chinese media. First, is the long-term tradition of paternalism, and second a conspicuous lack of creativity in the current film and television work. Summarized in brief, these two questions could be visualized as how the tradition of paternalism influences the capital operation of Chinese media enterpr ises and what are the social factors which gave rise to the lack of creativity in the Chinese media today. The Internet and the rise of a transnational Chinese cultural sphere, its basic elements are two kinds of online spaces, non-interactive spaces in the form of online magazines and newsletters, and interactive spaces such as chat rooms, newsgroups and bulletin board systems Arnold, Wayne (1998). The realities of virtual play: Video games and their industry in China: Video game is an umbrella term for arcade games; console Games, single PC games and online games. Video games have 20year history in China and continually impress us with their impressive statistics. With Over 20 million online gamers and the largest game population in the world, China was predicted to be the largest online game market in 2007 (Game Trust and Diffusion Group, 2004). In 2005 alone, video games generated 6.7 Billion RMB (US $0.8 billion) of revenue in China (Pop soft, 2006). Playing video games has displaced TV watching as a major leisure activity among Chinese youth. A recent survey showed that 25.4 percent of urban youth reported video games as the medium they most enjoyed, followed by Television (18.8%). Average playtime reached 0.98 hours a day (Yang et al. 2004). As video gaming soared in popularity, it became recognized as an official Sport by the state. Aside from being a huge economic and entertainment phenomenon, video games have complex social and cultural im pacts. Researchers suggest video Games are becoming a social location in which new social relations, community Networks and new life-styles are formed (Humphrey, 2005; Wang, 2003). Furthermore, as a new and popular medium, video games have significant ideological and cultural influences on young people. They also function as a rich art form and a new venue for critical expression (Jenkins and Squire, 2002). Despite their cultural and social significance, rapid growth and widespread appeal in China, video games unlike traditional media have received a huge attention from international communication researchers. Globalizing Evolution: Female Choice, Nationality, and Perception of Sexual Beauty in China: In the Confucian discourse on womanhood, the essential attributes of a good woman in addition to virtue, words, and work included appearance. While traditional self adornment had various aspects, modern thinkers and activists examining the relationship between the female condition and Chinas self-strengthening efforts focused mainly on foot binding. Reformers such as Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei and revolutionaries such as Qiu Jin believed that their lack of education and bound feet made the female population ignorant and weak and were conditions that must be removed (Edwards, 2000: 126-27). But Globalisation has brought them back with reform. Fashion appearance has outreached from China to other parts of the world including the fashion products. The Chinese women are more beauty conscious and they are open up for any fashion industry. An evolutionary perspective on physical attractiveness suggests that individuals find those characteristics associated with reproductive success attra ctive. We take this evolutionary perspective global to know how Chinese men and women rate the sexual beauty of East Asian compared with Caucasian models. Chinese men and women from hotshot, a northern city, and Chengdu, a southern city, to rank photos of both Chinese and Caucasian male and female models obtained from Chinese magazines. Results revealed that Chinese women ranked Caucasian male and female models as more attractive. Chinese men, however, did not differentially rank East Asian and Caucasian women, though they did rank Caucasian men as being more attractive. The process of globalization can still be linked to potentially adaptive preferences for physical attractiveness, and call for more research. (Tang Parish, 2000). Administrative of Chinese reform in the new millennium: The 1998 Reform was a progressive reform characterized by its transitional features. Though this reform has achieved much in separating the government from enterprises and in altering the functions of the government, a well functioning administrative system suitable for a market economy and responsive to globalization is an ongoing process. China practises a party state structure, where there exists no institutionalized mechanism to harness the power of the government in relation to the economy. Besides the deepening of market-oriented reform, Chinas increasing involvement in the global economy, symbolized by its entry to the WTO in November 2001, has infused a new impulse. (You Ji, 1998). Globalization and Chinas increasing integration with the world economy have also provided much of the justification for the relentless administrative reforms in China. Globalization has made the competitiveness of a nation the primary concern of government, as is the case for China. The process of economic integration with the world economy has put great pressure on the functioning of the Chinese government and its responsiveness. The heavy intervention of government in the Chinese economy in the recent past has proven no longer suitable for a market economy and free trade. In order to attract and retain foreign investment within its territory and to secure a high level of economic growth, the Chinese government has been under continuous pressure from inside as well as outside to adopt policies consistent with the global trend and practice. For this purpose, the role of government and its functions have been rethought over and over, and readjusted. Conclusion: Chinas rising profile in world economic affairs is beyond dispute after globalisation. The economy explores several ways to think about Chinas experience as a latecomer, offering a preliminary assessment of its development and the evolving nature of its foreign economic relations. In particular, I reject the view that China is emerging as the hub of a regional economic order in East Asia that is increasingly cohesive and independent of other regions of the world. The Chinese economic activity within global commodity chains form cross border integration that affects interdependence among Nation-states at multi-continental distances. (Breslin. S, 2005). A conspicuous trope within contemporary Chinese society, nostalgia is a product of two recent transformations. First, drastic changes in economic and political life have led to anxiety and uncertainty, together with excitement and hope. Second, economic rationalization of the cultural industries has resulted in extensive repackaging and repurposing of existing content in order to reduce cost and secure customer acceptance. The culture industry has become the driving force of Chinese economy now. They find expression in TV drama, pop music, theme restaurants, mass circulation magazines and film. Images of past glory and aspirations confront each other as they define the Chinese route that has led to the present, and presumably will lead into the future. Visions of the good life within these historical frames of nostalgia are highly contentious. But their appropriation illustrates the potential for creativity, not only in the business strategies of commercial culture, but also in the social imagination and design for a new China. (Wu, Jing (2002).

I Wish to Pursue an MS Degree in Electrical Engineering :: Graduate Admissions Essays

I Wish to Pursue an MS Degree in Electrical Engineering    During my senior year at Purdue University, I made a decision that has impacted the entire course of my education. While my classmates were making definite decisions about their career paths, I chose to implement a five-year plan of development and growth for myself. I designed this plan in order to examine various careers that I thought might interest me, as well as to expand upon my abilities at the time. As I was attaining a BS degree in Electrical Engineering, I decided to focus primarily on fields related to the VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integrated) circuits area. My main goals were either to gain work experience or to further my education by pursuing an MS degree in Electrical Engineering (MSEE). I saw an opportunity to both work and learn through employment at Xilinx Inc. Operating as a product engineer at a successful, high-tech semiconductor company has enabled me to utilize my technical and interpersonal skills in new and challenging ways. The position has also allowed me to i nteract with a multitude of departments including marketing, integrated circuit (IC) design, software/CAD development, manufacturing, reliability, accounting, and sales. I thus have gained an array of experience that extended beyond the parameters of my own responsibilities. In the workplace, I rely heavily upon the interpersonal techniques I developed as a counselor in a Purdue residence hall, as well as the organizational skills I had acquired through holding various leadership positions in cultural and engineering societies. I have also cultivated an interest in high-technology marketing that has continued to grow throughout my career.    My experiences with Xilinx have heightened my hunger for knowledge in the VLSI field. Two months after joining the corporation, I applied to several part-time programs in the vicinity that would allow me to acquire an MSEE degree within two to three years. San Jose State seemed an ideal choice, for its evening MSEE courses would allow me to pursue two independent, full-time positions concurrently. The San Jose program has complimented my Xilinx duties well; both demand large levels of energy and enthusiasm while guiding me to my ultimate goal a high degree of education in VLSI sciences. The resources that I poured into both endeavors have reaped many gains. I have been promoted to a Product-Yield Engineering position within Xilinx's Coarse Grain Static Memory (CGSM) Product Engineering division.